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Полная версия: RuntimeError: Model class main.models.MyMain doesn't declare an explicit app_label
Начало » Django » RuntimeError: Model class main.models.MyMain doesn't declare an explicit app_label
1
Elaphe
Всем доброго дня.
При переносе сайта на Django 1.9.0 + python 3.5.2 вылезла ошибка:
RuntimeError: Model class main.models.MyMain doesn't declare an explicit app_label and either isn't in an application in INSTALLED_APPS or else was imported before its application was loaded.
(Этой ошибки нет на Django 1.9 + python 2.7 или Django 1.8 + python 3.5. На Django 1.10 + python 3.5 есть)
Причем вылезает она даже на максимально простом тестовом сайте, где вообще ничего нет, пара вьюх и ни одного модуля.
Полный лог ошибки:
Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x7f48ef6c47b8>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py”, line 226, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py”, line 116, in inner_run
self.check(display_num_errors=True)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py”, line 426, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py”, line 75, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py”, line 10, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py”, line 19, in check_resolver
for pattern in resolver.url_patterns:
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py”, line 33, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__ = self.func(instance)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py”, line 417, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, “urlpatterns”, self.urlconf_module)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py”, line 33, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__ = self.func(instance)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py”, line 410, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py”, line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name, package, level)
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 986, in _gcd_import
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 969, in _find_and_load
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 673, in _load_unlocked
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>”, line 665, in exec_module
File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
File “/opt/work/darnius_svn/sites/mytest/mytest/urls.py”, line 2, in <module>
from main.views import main, edit, single
File “/opt/work/darnius_svn/sites/mytest/main/views.py”, line 5, in <module>
from .forms import MainForm
File “/opt/work/darnius_svn/sites/mytest/main/forms.py”, line 1, in <module>
from .models import MyMain
File “/opt/work/darnius_svn/sites/mytest/main/models.py”, line 7, in <module>
class MyMain(models.Model):
File “/home/maria/dj110/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py”, line 103, in __new__
“application was loaded. ” % (module, name))
RuntimeError: Model class main.models.MyMain doesn't declare an explicit app_label and either isn't in an application in INSTALLED_APPS or else was imported before its application was loaded.
Мой код:
./mytest/urls.py
 from django.conf.urls import url
from main.views import main, edit, single
urlpatterns = [
    # Examples:
    url(r'^$', main, name='main'),
    url(r'^edit/$', edit, name = 'edit'),
    url(r'^edit/(?P<pk>[0-9]*)/$', edit, name = 'edit'),
    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]*)/$', single, name = 'single'),
]
./main/views.py:
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, redirect
from .forms import MainForm
from .models import MyMain
def main(request):
    page_name = _(u"Заголовок главной страницы во вьюхе")
    return render_to_response('main.html', {'page_name': page_name})
def edit(request, pk=''):
    page_name = _(u"Заголовок страницы редактирования во вьюхе")
    if pk:
        m = MyMain.objects.get(id=pk)
        form = MainForm(instance=m)
    else:
        form = MainForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if pk:
            form = MainForm(request.POST, instance=m)
        else:
            form = MainForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return redirect('main')
    return render_to_response('edit.html', {'form':form, 'page_name': page_name})
def single(request, pk):
    page_name = _('Я простая одинокая запись, я никому не нужна')
    m = MyMain.objects.get(id=pk)
    return render_to_response('single.html', {'page_name': page_name, 'm': m})
./main/forms.py:
 from .models import MyMain
from django.forms import ModelForm
class MainForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = MyMain
./main/models.py:
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
# Create your models here.
class MyMain(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=_(u"Заголовок"))
    description = models.TextField(verbose_name=_(u"Описание"))
    price = models.FloatField(verbose_name=_(u"Цена"))
Ну и на всякий случай ./mytest/settings.py
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Django settings for mytest project.\
import os
SECRET_KEY = 'abcdef'
import django
django.setup()
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
ADMINS = (
    # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)
MANAGERS = ADMINS
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': 'mytest',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
        'USER': 'qwerty',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
    }
}
# Hosts/domain names that are valid for this site; required if DEBUG is False
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.5/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'ru'
LANGUAGES = (
    ('ru', 'Russian'),
    ('en', 'English'),
)
PROJECT_ROOT = '/opt/work/darnius_svn/sites/mytest/'
LOCALE_PATHS = (
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'locale'),
)
SITE_ID = 1
# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True
# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale.
USE_L10N = True
# If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
USE_TZ = True
# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''
# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://example.com/media/", "http://media.example.com/"
MEDIA_URL = ''
# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = ''
# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://example.com/static/", "http://static.example.com/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
#    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)
# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    #'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
    # 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'mytest.urls'
# Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mytest.wsgi.application'
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    'templates',
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'main',
)
PREFIX_DEFAULT_LOCALE = ''
SESSION_SERIALIZER = 'django.contrib.sessions.serializers.JSONSerializer'
# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'filters': {
        'require_debug_false': {
            '()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
        }
    },
    'handlers': {
        'mail_admins': {
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
            'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
        }
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django.request': {
            'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'propagate': True,
        },
    }
}
Откуда это вылезает - не пойму.
Гугл предложил следующие варианты:
1) модель декларируется вне приложения (не мой случай)
2) Есть какой-то сигнал, который вызывается до загрузки модели (таковых нет)
3) Старые файлы .pyc вызывают ошибку (тоже не мой случай, удаление не помогло)
4) В корне проекта лежит лишний __init__.py (странная причина, но тоже не мой случай)
5) Неправильный порядок приложений в INSTALLED_APPS или приложение отсутствует в INSTALLED_APPS (в этом тестовом проекте приложение всего одно, оно есть в INSTALLED_APPS, так что тоже мимо)
Может, сталкивался кто с таким?
FishHook
Создайте файл конфигурации приложения (apps.py)
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/applications/
Elaphe
Не помогает, ошибка остается.
Помогает добавить в Meta модели app_label
Но к сожалению, этот вариант мне не подходит, ибо боевой проект включает модуль django-simple-history, который создает свои модели без app_label и джанго ругается уже на него.
FishHook
активируйте виртуаленв, зайдите в консоль питона и выполните
 >>>import django
>>>django.VERSION 
FishHook
И да, вы прописали default_app_config?
Elaphe
>>> django.VERSION
(1, 9, 0, ‘final’, 0)
И да, вы прописали default_app_config?
Да, конечно.
Elaphe
В общем, проблема решилась тем, что из settings надо было убрать строки
 import django
django.setup()
А джанго обновить до 1.10.
После этого все заработало.
Ну как - заработало… другие ошибки посыпались, но более-менее понятные
Elaphe
Почти через год нашла, в чем была моя ошибка.
Эти строки:
 import django
django.setup()
Надо добавлять ПОСЛЕ объявления INSTALLED_APPS.
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