Python-сообщество

 l = [4, 'read', 'item', 342, 'red', 23.5, 'alpha', 'bob', 'real']
l2 = []
for i in l:
  if isinstance(i, (int, float)):
    l2.append(i)
  if isinstance(i, str) and not i.startswith('r'):
    l2.append(i)
print(l2) #[4, 'item', 342, 23.5, 'alpha', 'bob']

 l = [4, 'read', 'item', 342, 'red', 23.5, 'alpha', 'bob', 'real']
l2 = [i for i in l if not isinstance(i, str) or i.startswith('r')]

 l = [4, 'read', 'item', 342, 'red', 23.5, 'alpha', 'bob', 'real']
 
l2 = [i for i in l if not str(i).startswith('r')]
 
print(l2)      #[4, 'item', 342, 23.5, 'alpha', 'bob']