есть 2 варианта:
1) code = '120300' index= len(code) - [i for i, item in enumerate(list(code[::-1])) if item != '0'][0] - 1 print(index) 2) code = '120300' for i, char in enumerate(code[::-1]): if char != '0': index = i break index = len(code) - index - 1 print(index)